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1 – Atomic structure
- 1.1 Early ideas about the composition of matter
- 1.2 Relative mass and relative charge of subatomic particles
- 1.3 Working with very small and very large numbers
- 1.4 Atomic number, mass number and isotopes
- 1.5 Relative atomic mass, Ar
- 1.6 Relative molecular mass, Mr
- 1.7 Describing electrons
- 1.8 Ionisation energies 22
- 1.9 Evidence for shells and sub-shells 23
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2 – Amount of substance
- 2.1 Relative masses
- 2.2 The mole and the Avogadro constant
- 2.3 The ideal gas equation
- 2.4 Empirical and molecular formulae
- 2.5 Chemical equations
- 2.6 Ionic equations
- 2.7 Reactions in solutions
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3 – Bonding
- 3.1 Ionic bonding
- 3.2 Covalent bonding
- 3.3 Metallic bonds
- 3.4 Bonding and physical properties
- 3.5 Shapes of molecules and ions
- 3.6 Bond polarity
- 3.7 Forces between molecules
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4 – The Periodic Table
- 4.1 Classi¬cation of the elements in s, p and d blocks
- 4.2 Properties of the elements in Period 3
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5 – Introduction to organic chemistry
- 5.1 Organic and inorganic compounds
- 5.2 Molecular shapes
- 5.3 Types of formulae
- 5.4 Functional groups and homologous series
- 5.5 Naming organic compounds
- 5.6 Reaction mechanisms
- 5.7 Isomers
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6 – The alkanes
- 6.1 Fractional distillation of crude oil
- 6.2 Cracking
- 6.3 Combustion reactions of alkanes
- 6.4 Problems with alkane combustion
- 6.5 Reactions of alkanes with chlorine
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7 – Energetics
- 7.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions
- 7.2 Enthalpy change
- 7.3 Standard enthalpy of combustion, ∆c Hq
- 7.4 Standard enthalpy of formation, ∆f Hq
- 7.5 Measuring enthalpy changes
- 7.6 Using Hess’s law to measure enthalpy changes
- 7.7 Bond enthalpies
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8 – Kinetics
- 8.1 What affects the rate of a reaction?
- 8.2 Collision theory
- 8.3 Activation energy
- 8.4 The Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution of energies
- 8.5 The effect of temperature on the rate of a reaction
- 8.6 The effect of concentration on the rate of a reaction
- 8.7 Catalysts
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9 – Equilibria
- 9.1 The dynamic nature of equilibria
- 9.2 The equilibrium constant, KC
- 9.3 Changes that affect a system in a homogeneous equilibrium
- 9.4 Industrial processes and equilibria
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10 – Redox reactions
- 10.1 Oxidation and reduction
- 10.2 Oxidation states
- 10.3 Redox equations
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11 – Group 2, the alkaline earth metals
- 11.1 Trends in physical properties
- 11.2 Extracting titanium
- 11.3 Trends in chemical properties
- 11.4 Uses of Group 2 hydroxides
- 11.5 The relative solubilities of the Group 2 sulfates
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12 – Group 7(17), The halogens
- 12.1 Trends in physical properties
- 12.2 Trends in chemical properties
- 12.3 The halide ion
- 12.4 Uses of chlorine
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13 – Halogenoalkanes
- 13.1 What are halogenoalkanes?
- 13.2 Chemical reactions of halogenoalkanes
- 13.3 Ozone in the stratosphere
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14 – Alkenes
- 14.1 Structure and bonding in alkenes
- 14.2 Addition reactions of alkenes
- 14.3 Addition polymers
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15 – Alcohols
- 15.1 Alcohols
- 15.2 Ethanol production
- 15.3 Chemical reactions of alcohols
- 15.4 Elimination reactions of alcohols
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16 – Analytical techniques
- 16.1 Identifying functional groups
- 16.2 Mass spectrometry
- 16.3 Infrared spectroscopy
- 16.4 The global warming link
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